After tracing the evolution of currency in India through a historical timeline in the first edition, the second edition of our Money Trivia series explores how ancient India laid the groundwork for what we now call modern banking.

From credit systems and interest rates to remittances and cross-border trade, India’s financial ingenuity stretches back thousands of years. Ancient texts like the Manusmriti and Arthashastra referenced loan structures and moneylenders, while systems like Hundis enabled secure fund transfers long before formal banking existed. The concept of credit was backed not by paper but by stamped metal plates, functioning much like early “credit cards.”

This infographic dives into five fascinating facts that reveal how India — centuries ago — had the equivalents of banks, cheques, credit guarantees, and even international currency acceptance. It’s a reminder that while fintech may be new, the spirit of financial innovation has always been part of India’s story.

Take a look at how ancient India's financial practices echo today’s systems — and how little the core ideas have changed.